There are unknown unknowns - Wikipedia
"There are unknown unknowns" is a phrase from a response United States Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld gave to a question at a U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) news briefing on February 12, 2002, about the lack of evidence linking the government of Iraq with the supply of weapons of mass destruction to terrorist groups. [1]
Rumsfeld Matrix - The Uncertainty Project
In 2002, during a press briefing about the Iraq War, Donald Rumsfeld famously divided information into four categories: known knowns, known unknowns, unknown knowns, and unknown unknowns. These distinctions became the basis for the Rumsfeld Matrix, a decision-making framework that maps and evaluates the various degrees of certainty and uncertainty.
Rumsfeld’s Logic of Known Knowns, Known Unknowns and …
On February the 12th, 2002, the then Secretary of Defense of the United States, Donald Rumsfeld, stated the following words (as captured in a YouTube video here): “[A]s we know, there are known...
Rumsfeld's Wisdom - Scientific American
Sep 1, 2005 · At a February 12, 2002, news briefing, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld explained the limitations of intelligence reports: "There are known knowns. There are things we know we know. We...
Rumsfeld's Knowns and Unknowns: The Intellectual History of a …
Mar 27, 2014 · His newest film, which premiered Tuesday, combines all three: It's a documentary about Donald Rumsfeld and what Morris sees as his obsession with going to war in Iraq. Here's the trailer: The...
Known knowns, known unknowns, unknown unknowns and the …
Mar 1, 2009 · In February 2002, Donald Rumsfeld, the then US Secretary of State for Defence, stated at a Defence Department briefing: ‘There are known knowns. There are things we know that we know. There are known unknowns.
Known Knowns, Known Unknowns And Unknown Unknowns: A Retrospective
Nov 9, 2006 · In the wake of Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld's resignation, there is one quote that everyone seems to be recalling today: "Reports that say that something hasn't happened are always...
'Known unknowns': Donald Rumsfeld's most famous - USA TODAY
Jun 30, 2021 · The Republican powerbroker was well-known for his controversial and sometimes seemingly nonsensical comments. Here's a collection of Rumsfeld's most famous — and sometimes infamous — quotes.
Known and Unknown, by Donald Rumsfeld - OnTheIssues.org
Dec 23, 2018 · Donald Rumsfeld famously said in a 2002 press interview, "There are known knowns; there are things we know we know. We also know there are known unknowns; that is to say we know there are some things we do not know. But there are also unknown unknowns--the ones we don't know we don't know."
From Known Knowns to Unknown Unknowns: The Rumsfeld …
The Rumsfeld Matrix, also known as the “Known Unknowns” matrix, is a tool introduced by former U.S. Secretary of Defense, Donald Rumsfeld. It categorizes information into four quadrants based on what we know and don’t know: Known Knowns, Known Unknowns, Unknown Knowns, and Unknown Unknowns.
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