The record-breaking mission offers an unprecedented opportunity to study the geology of our planet’s largest layer.

Earth has four primary layers: the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core. The crust is a thin, solid layer upon which all life resides. Underneath it is the mantle, a hot, dense layer of ...

Separating the planet’s rocky crust and the molten outer core, the mantle makes up 70 percent of the Earth’s mass and 84 percent of its volume. But despite its outsized influence on the planet ...

While most of us take the ground beneath our feet for granted, written within its complex layers, like the pages of a book, is Earth's history.

Vesta, one of the two largest bodies in our solar system's asteroid belt, has long been thought to be more than just another asteroid. Scientists had concluded that it sported some fundamental ...

Researchers discover Earth's first crust, formed 4.5 billion ... and it offered evidence that much of the early crust was extracted from a core‐depleted mantle. “Scientists have long thought ...

Hydrogen is an essential part of modern society. It’s used to make fertilizers that feed half of the world’s population and ...

In the modern world, a reliable supply of hydrogen gas is vital for the function of society. Fertilizer produced from ...