The linear sequence of amino acids within a protein is considered the primary structure of the protein. Proteins are built from a set of only twenty amino acids, each of which has a unique side chain.

Proteins have four levels of structure: primary (amino acid sequence), secondary (local folding patterns like alpha helices and beta sheets), tertiary (overall 3D shape), and quaternary (assembly of ...

Learn about our editorial policies. While AlphaFold and the subsequent AI revolution in biology garnered a lot of attention, the foundational bricks for the strides made in protein structure and ...

The central dogma of molecular biology suggests that the primary ... in DNA into proteins. In reality, there is much more to the RNA story. However, in the half-century since the structure of ...

The detailed structure of a misfolded protein from a diseased deer could help explain why the disease hasn’t made the leap to humans.

The sequence of amino acids in the chain determines how the chain will fold up to make the protein, so different proteins have different three-dimensional shapes. The three-dimensional shape of a ...